How is YOUTH struggling in the labour market?

WHEC2022 Youth Consultation- Youth and the Labour Market

Resource: WHEC2022 Youth Consultations. Youth and the Labour Market

Youth, defined by the United Nations as people between the ages of 15 and 24, often face unique challenges in the labour market. Over 300 participants from the five UNESCO regions responded to the Youth and Market Labour consultation from November 2021 to April 2022. The questionnaire aimed to collect not only quantitative results but also qualitative data to inquire their insights in this regard. The consultation found that 97% of participants indicated that they face discrimination in the labour market due to their age, especially if they are perceived as less experienced or less skilled. Concretely, they feel unprepared despite holding some form of a degree, including undergraduate and masters. This can make it difficult for them to find employment, even if they are well-qualified. 

Is the university aligned with new job trends?

There are a number of trends that are shaping the job market and the nature of work, some of which include:

1. The increasing importance of technology: Many jobs now require a strong understanding of technology, and this trend will likely continue in the future. This includes technical skills, such as coding and data analysis, and more general skills, such as the ability to use and adapt to new technologies.
2. The growth of the gig economy: The gig economy refers to the increasing number of people working on a freelance or temporary basis rather than as part of a traditional employment relationship. This trend is being driven by advances in technology, as well as changes in the way work is organized and the way people want to work.
3. The rise of automation and artificial intelligence (AI): Many jobs are being automated or replaced by AI, which has the potential to disrupt the job market and create new opportunities. Those who are able to adapt to these changes and develop the skills needed to work alongside AI will be well-positioned for the future.
4. The need for lifelong learning: As the job market evolves, it is becoming increasingly important for people to learn and adapt to new technologies and job requirements continuously. This means that lifelong learning and the ability to adapt to change will be increasingly essential skills in the future.
5. The increasing importance of soft skills: In addition to technical skills, employers are also looking for candidates with strong communication, collaboration, problem-solving, and other so-called "soft" skills. These skills are often seen as critical for success in today's job market.

There are a number of challenges facing higher education (HED) and the job market (World Economic Forum, 2022). HED is facing financial pressures, including rising costs and declining funding, which can make it difficult for students to afford collegeeducation. At the same time, the job market is facing economic uncertainty, which can make it difficult for employers to predict the demand for workers and invest in training and development accordingly.

According to the survey results, HED is seeing an increase in the number of non-traditional students, such as older students and students who are working while attending school. This can create challenges in terms of meeting the needs of these students and ensuring that they have the support they need to succeed. Moreover, the rapid pace of technological change is a challenge for both HED and the job market. HED institutions are struggling to integrate new technologies into the classroom, while employers are seeking workers with the skills to use and adapt to new technologies. There is often a disconnect between the skills that workers have and the skills that employers need, which can create challenges for both HED institutions and employers, as they try to ensure that workers have the skills they need to succeed in the job market. There are also concerns about economic inequality and the impact that this can have on both HED and the job market. Some students may face barriers to accessing HED due to financial or other constraints, while others may struggle to find good-paying jobs after graduation.

On this topic, 88% of participants expressed that almost all of their programmes in HED systems are theory-based, which makes it difficult for them to get a job. Youth feel that being inexperienced professionals makes it challenging to compete with more experienced workers. 22% also recognize a lack of developed job-searching skills, such as networking and resume writing, which can make it more challenging to find employment. However, 78% confirmed self-learning through online resources and peer learning to train and develop their skillsets

Despite these existing gaps, the labor market and HED are closely connected. HED can provide individuals with the skills and knowledge they need to succeed in the job market, and employers often look for candidates with a HED studies  or other form of HED when hiring. At the same time, the labor market can also shape the demand for HED. For example, if there is a high demand for workers with certain skills or knowledge, this can lead to an increase in the number of students pursuing education in those areas (e.g. microcredentials). The job market can also influence the types of programmes and courses offered by HED institutions.

Hence, the close interconnection between HED and the labor market is evident, and they both play a role in shaping the other. HED institutions need to be responsive to the needs of the job market and ensure that their programmes are preparing students for the demands of the workforce. Employers, on the other hand, need to be aware of the skills and knowledge that workers need to succeed in their industries, and invest in training and development to help their workers stay up to date.

Which is the path for youth to get a job successfully?

There are several ways that young people can increase their chances of finding employment. Youth insights stated that, based on their experience, to be successful in getting a desirable job, there is a need to: 

1. Gain work experience: One of the best ways for youth to increase their employability is to gain work experience, whether through part-time or full-time employment, internships, or volunteering. This can help young people develop practical skills and knowledge that employers value.
2. Build a strong resume: A well-written and properly formatted resume can help young people stand out to potential employers. It is important to highlight any relevant skills, experience, and education on a resume and any accomplishments or awards.
3. Network: Building a professional network can help young people learn about job openings and receive recommendations from people who know their field of work. This can include joining professional organizations, attending career fairs and networking events, and connecting with people in the industry on social media.
4. Be proactive: It is important for young people to be bold in their job search rather than waiting for opportunities to come to them. This can include applying for jobs, even if they don't meet all the requirements, and reaching out to 

It is crucial for young people to be proactive and persistent in their job search and to take advantage of any opportunities that come their way to gain work experience and develop their skills. This can help them increase their employability and improve their chances of finding employment.

On the other hand, addressing these challenges will require collaboration and innovation from a range of stakeholders, including educators, policy-makers, and employers. Currently, many governments have implemented youth employment programmes, such as internships and apprenticeships, to provide young people with the opportunity to gain work experience and develop their skills. These programmes can also help young people transition from education to work and improve their employability.

It is important for governments, businesses, and other stakeholders to work together to create opportunities for youth to enter the labour market and succeed in their careers. This can help address youth unemployment and ensure that young people have the chance to contribute to their communities and economies. 

YOUTH are the future!